Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?
- 1.Genetic predisposition of some people
- 2.Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
- 3.Using antibiotics in livestock farming
- 4.Multiple chronic diseases in some people
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
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Answer: B. Item 2 is correct: wrong or incomplete antibiotic doses let resistant microbes survive and spread. Item 3 is correct: heavy antibiotic use in livestock and poultry breeds resistance. Items 1 and 4 relate to the patient's body, not to how microbes become resistant. So 2 and 3 only.
Watch for: Students mix up why a patient falls ill more often with why microbes become resistant.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Wrong because genetic predisposition of people does not cause microbial drug resistance.
- C. Wrong because items 1 and 4 are not causes of resistance.
- D. Wrong because multiple chronic diseases in people are not a cause of resistance.
Source to check: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (2017); WHO fact sheet on antimicrobial resistance
Answer from the official UPSC key. Written and fact-checked by AI against the official key. Spotted a mistake? Report it.